NGE · Investment Letter · Issue 12 · June 2026

The Consumption
Compounders.
Nestlé, Hershey, Britannia —
what people buy every day,
in every economy, forever.

The $1Q thesis is built on sixteen compounding forces. Force 08 is the Future of Consumption — the expansion of the global middle class from 4 billion to 6 billion people by 2040, each one buying more food, more branded goods, more of the everyday things that make a modern life. Nestlé, Hershey, and Britannia are three different expressions of the same fundamental truth: people eat. Markets rise and fall. Recessions come and go. People eat through all of it.

Not investment advice. Not a recommendation to buy or sell. Research and long-horizon thinking only. Consult a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decision.

The Investment Logic

The oldest compounding thesis
in the history of markets.

Warren Buffett bought Coca-Cola in 1988 because people drink cola in good times and bad. In recessions, in wars, in pandemics — consumption of everyday branded food and beverage products is the most recession-resistant revenue stream in the global economy. People trade down from restaurants to supermarkets. They do not stop eating biscuits.

The consumer staples thesis is not exciting. It does not promise 10x returns in two years. What it promises is something rarer and more valuable — compounding at 8–15% annually, through every economic cycle, with pricing power that means inflation works in your favour rather than against you. A consumer staples company that raises prices by 4% per year with minimal volume loss is not just maintaining margins. It is compounding your investment at the rate of that price increase, plus volume growth, plus productivity improvement.

The $1Q connection is direct. Force 08 — Future of Consumption — is the expansion of the global middle class. Every person who moves from poverty to the middle class for the first time buys branded food. The first purchase is not a luxury good. It is a biscuit. A chocolate bar. A packet of instant noodles. The branded food companies capture the very first dollar of middle-class spending — and every dollar that follows.

"People eat in good times and bad. In recessions, in wars, in pandemics. Consumer staples is not a sector. It is the most reliable compounding engine in the history of markets."

Pricing Power

Branded food companies raise prices with inflation — or faster. Nestlé, Hershey, and Britannia all have brand loyalty that absorbs price increases without proportional volume loss. Inflation is not a headwind. It is tailwind converted to margin.

Recession Resistance

Consumer staples are the most counter-cyclical sector in equity markets. When GDP falls, people trade down from restaurants and luxury goods — but branded food and confectionery consumption holds. Good Day biscuits and Hershey's Kisses are affordable pleasures.

Emerging Market Optionality

Two billion people will enter the global middle class between now and 2040. Their first branded food purchase is the beginning of a lifetime of brand loyalty. Nestlé and Britannia are positioned in the markets where this expansion is largest.

Dividend Compounding

All three companies pay consistent dividends — Britannia ₹90.50 per share, Nestlé with a 50+ year dividend track record, Hershey rebuilding its payout. Reinvested dividends compound the return beyond price appreciation alone.

Position One
Switzerland · 157 Years Old · The Global Standard

Nestlé

~CHF 230B market cap · Vevey, Switzerland · SIX: NESN · OTC: NSRGY

Nestlé is the largest food and beverage company on earth. 2,000 brands. Products sold in 188 countries. Revenue of CHF 92.6 billion in 2026. Nescafé, Milo, KitKat, Maggi, Purina, San Pellegrino, Häagen-Dazs — brands that have been in homes across every continent for generations. This is not a company. It is a civilisational food infrastructure.

The investment case for Nestlé in 2026 is not about explosive growth. It is about the compounding of a 157-year-old business with pricing power, global distribution, and a portfolio of brands that are impossible to replicate. The recent period has been one of transition — portfolio restructuring, GLP-1 dietary shift concerns, and a new CEO setting a more focused strategic agenda. The transition creates an entry opportunity for long-horizon investors who understand that restructuring creates near-term noise and long-term value.

The emerging market exposure is the structural growth driver. Nestlé's position in Africa, Southeast Asia, and South Asia means it captures the first-dollar spending of the expanding global middle class. Maggi noodles in India. Milo in West Africa. Nescafé in Vietnam. These are not premium products — they are the everyday affordable nutrition of the rising global consumer. That market is expanding by two billion people over the next fifteen years.

CHF 230B
Market Cap
CHF 92.6B
Annual Revenue 2026
188
Countries · 2,000 brands
Key Catalysts
Portfolio restructuring under new CEO unlocking shareholder value · Emerging market middle-class expansion — Maggi, Milo, Nescafé in high-growth markets · Premium pet care (Purina) growing faster than core food · GLP-1 adaptation — portion control, high-protein formats · AI-driven supply chain and demand forecasting reducing waste
Key Risk
GLP-1 obesity drug adoption may structurally reduce snacking volumes in Western markets — a genuine long-term headwind the company is actively addressing. Portfolio restructuring carries execution risk. Revenue growth has been modest at 1–2% — the thesis is margin expansion and emerging market acceleration, not Western volume growth.
Position Two
USA · 130 Years Old · The Chocolate Rebound

The Hershey Company

~$38B market cap · Hershey, Pennsylvania · NYSE: HSY

Hershey had a difficult 2025. Cocoa prices hit historic highs — a single commodity input that accounts for a significant portion of Hershey's cost base. Margins compressed. Earnings fell 60% on a reported basis. The market sold the stock aggressively. By early 2026, Hershey was trading at valuations not seen in a decade.

Then Q1 2026 arrived. Revenue of $3.1 billion — up 10.6%. Organic sales growth of 7.9%. Hershey's brand retail sales up 11%. Reese's retail sales up 10%. The brands were never broken. The cost cycle was the problem — and cost cycles end. Cocoa prices have normalised from their 2024–25 peaks. Hershey's pricing actions — taken during the high-cost period — are now flowing through to margins as input costs stabilise. The earnings recovery in 2026 is projected at 30–35% on an adjusted basis.

The strategic investments — LesserEvil acquisition, innovation pipeline, AI-enabled supply chain — position Hershey for the next decade. Reese's and Hershey's are among the most recognised confectionery brands in the world. Brand recognition of this depth does not disappear in a commodity cost cycle. It waits. And when the cycle turns, the earnings recovery is sharp.

~$38B
Market Cap
$11.7B
Annual Revenue 2025
30–35%
Adjusted EPS growth guided 2026
Key Catalysts
Cocoa cost normalisation driving margin recovery · 30–35% adjusted EPS growth guided for 2026 · Hershey's brand +11% retail sales, Reese's +10% — demand intact · LesserEvil acquisition expanding better-for-you snacking · AI supply chain reducing waste and improving demand forecasting · International expansion as a medium-term optionality
Key Risk
Cocoa prices could re-escalate if West African crop conditions deteriorate again — Hershey has limited ability to hedge multi-year. GLP-1 adoption reducing confectionery consumption is a structural concern that management is addressing through portion control and better-for-you formats. International business remains small and underperforming.
Position Three
India · 130 Years Old · The India Consumption Compounding Story

Britannia Industries

~₹1.26 lakh crore market cap (~$15B) · Mumbai · NSE: BRITANNIA

Britannia is the purest expression of the India consumption thesis in the food sector. Good Day. Tiger. NutriChoice. Marie Gold. Milk Bikis. These are not just biscuit brands — they are household names that Indian families have been buying for generations across every income level, every state, every language. Britannia reaches more Indian homes than almost any other consumer brand in the country.

The FY2026 numbers are strong. Revenue of ₹18,858 crore — up 8% year on year. Net profit of ₹2,534 crore — up 16%. ROE of 52% — exceptional by any standard. Pre-tax margin of 19% — consistent and expanding. Final dividend of ₹90.50 per share. This is not a growth-stage company. It is a compounding machine — stable, profitable, and growing steadily as India's consumption base expands beneath it.

The medium-term story is the distribution expansion and product innovation. Britannia is moving beyond biscuits into dairy — cheese, beverages, yoghurt — categories with higher growth rates and margin potential. The international business, while small, is expanding into neighbouring markets. New products like 50-50 Dipped and Doodh Marie Gold are gaining strong consumer traction. And AI-driven demand forecasting is improving supply chain efficiency across the 400+ SKUs Britannia manages simultaneously.

~$15B
Market Cap
₹18,858Cr
Revenue FY2026 · +8% YoY
52%
ROE · exceptional
Key Catalysts
India's expanding middle class — 300M+ new middle-class consumers by 2040 · Dairy expansion — cheese, beverages, yoghurt at higher margins · Rural distribution deepening into Tier 3 and 4 markets · Product innovation — 50-50 Dipped, Doodh Marie Gold gaining traction · Consistent dividend (₹90.50/share final FY26) supporting total return · AI supply chain optimisation across 400+ SKUs
Key Risk
Input cost inflation — wheat, palm oil, fuel, packaging — is the primary margin risk. Britannia has limited global commodity hedging ability. Competition from Parle and ITC in core biscuit category is sustained and well-funded. Wadia Group promoter concentration means minority shareholders have limited governance leverage. P/E of ~50x reflects premium India FMCG valuation — not cheap on an absolute basis.
The Portfolio Logic

Three markets, three cycles,
one thesis.

"Quality and consistency do not just protect a business. They compound it. Every year a brand delivers on its promise is a year of deeper trust, stronger loyalty, and more durable pricing power. That is not growth for a quarter. That is growth forever."

These three companies represent the consumption thesis across three distinct geographies and economic stages.

Nestlé is the global anchor — 157 years of compounding, 188 countries, brands embedded in the daily habits of billions. The thesis is portfolio restructuring + emerging market acceleration + premium pet care growth. Patient capital at a transition valuation.

Hershey is the recovery play — a fundamentally strong brand portfolio temporarily depressed by a commodity cost cycle that has turned. The Q1 2026 rebound confirms that demand was never broken. The earnings recovery is underway. The entry window is closing.

Britannia is the India conviction play — 52% ROE, consistent dividends, brands that reach more Indian homes than almost anything else. As India's consumption base grows from 1.4 billion to 1.5 billion people with rising incomes, Britannia compounds with it. This is a 10-year position, not a quarterly trade.

The secret behind all three companies is identical. Quality and consistency. Nestlé has delivered consistent quality for 157 years. Hershey's Kisses taste the same today as they did in 1907. Britannia's Good Day biscuit has been in Indian homes for generations — unchanged, trusted, reliable. That consistency is not a manufacturing achievement. It is a financial one. Every year you deliver the same quality, you earn the right to charge a little more. Every year a customer chooses your product because they know what they are getting, you have compounded your brand equity. Quality and consistency do not just protect a business. They compound it — quietly, invisibly, and without interruption. That is growth not for a quarter. That is growth forever.

Together they provide global diversification across the most recession-resistant sector in equity markets — consumer staples. They compound through cycles. They grow with populations. They raise prices with inflation. They are the quiet compounders that make long-horizon portfolios work.

NGE Fundamental Assessment
🟢
Nestlé — the global anchor at a transition valuation. 157-year track record. 2,000 brands. 188 countries. Portfolio restructuring creates near-term noise and long-term opportunity. The emerging market expansion is the structural growth story for the next fifteen years.
🟢
Hershey — commodity cycle turned, brand strength confirmed. Q1 2026 data shows demand was never broken. 30–35% EPS growth guided for 2026. Reese's and Hershey's brand momentum intact. The earnings recovery is happening. The question is whether you are positioned before it is fully priced.
🟢
Britannia — 52% ROE, India conviction, consistent dividend. The cleanest way to own India's consumption decade expressed through food. Every new Indian middle-class consumer is a potential Britannia customer for life. The compounding story here is demographic — and demographics do not reverse.
🟡
Valuation discipline matters in all three. Nestlé is undergoing restructuring — patience required. Hershey's recovery is partly priced — entry below recent peaks is preferable. Britannia at 50x earnings is premium India valuation — justified by quality but not cheap. Dollar-cost averaging into all three over 12 months is more defensible than a single entry.
🔵
This is the $1Q consumption thesis in its most fundamental form. Force 08 — Future of Consumption — is two billion new middle-class consumers. Their first branded food purchase will be something Nestlé, Hershey, or Britannia makes. The companies that sell to the rising global consumer compound through the quadrillion economy. These three are among the best positioned on earth to do exactly that.

People ate through the Black Death, the Great Depression, two World Wars, the 2008 financial crisis, and COVID. They will eat through whatever comes next. The companies that feed them — reliably, affordably, with brands they trust — are the quietest compounders in the history of markets.

NGE · A Futuristic Investment Letter · Issue 12

Written from first principles. Not consensus. Not noise. Long-horizon thinking on capital, technology, and the forces shaping the next decade of wealth creation. Published when something is worth saying — not on a schedule.

— Pawan Bhatia · NextGen Economics · Bangalore, India · June 2026